TANYA: Mohon dijelaskan secara ringkas, siapa Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah (Aswaja) dan Salafy?
Apakah mereka kelompok tertentu, yang gaya pakaiannya mirip orang-orang Arab itu? Jazakumullah.
JAWAB: Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah --biasa disngkat Aswaja-- secara harfiyah artinya orang yang mengikuti tuntunan dan kelompok (pengikut Nabi Saw). Ahlus Sunnah bisa juga berarti orang yang mengikuti sunnah Nabi Muhammad Saw. Lawannya adalah Ahlul Bid'ah.
Menurut Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, sifat Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah antara lain:
- Beriman kepada Allah dna Rasul-Nya
- Mengakui (mengimani) semua yang dibawa para nabi dan rasul
- Mengetahui hak orang salaf yang telah dipilih oleh Allah untuk menyertai Nabi-Nya
- Mendahulukan Abu Bakar, Umar, dan Utsman serta mengakui hak Ali bin Abi Thalib, Zubair, Abdurrahman bin Auf, Saad bin Abi Waqqash, Said bin Zaid bin Amr bin Nufail atas para sahabat yang lain --merekalah sembilan orang yang telah bersama-sama Nabi Saw berada di atas Gunung Hira'
- Shalat berjamaah dan Jumat bersama semua pemimpin --baik yang taat maupun zhalim. (Ensiklopedi Islam, Ichtiar Baru van Hoeve).
Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah itu tidak identik dengan kelompok atau madzhab tertentu. Aswaja adalah semua orang Muslim yang memenuhi kualifikasi di atas --sebagaimana dikemukakan Imam Ahmad.
Ketaatan pada Sunnah Rasul tidak hanya dan tidak cukup dengan cara berpakaian, tapi lebih dari itu adalah meneladani akhlak, ibadah, dan mu'amalah Rasulullah Saw.
Pakaian adalah adat atau budaya, bukan bagian dari agama, karena dalam Islam prinsip berpakaian adalah menutup aurat, bukan harus mirip Arab atau mirip bangsa mana pun.
Pengertian Salafy
Salaf artinya orang-orang terdahulu. Salaf adalah sebutan bagi generasi awal umat Islam, sebutan bagi para sahabat Rasulullah Saw --orang-orang beriman yang dekat dan sezaman dengan beliau-- dan para pengikut mereka (tabi'in) serta generasi sesudahnya (Tabi’ut Tabi’in).
Generasi salaf adalah generasi terbaik umat Muslim dan memberikan contoh bagaimana Islam dipraktekkan.
Para sahabat digelar “khairu ummah”, sebaik-baik manusia. Mereka paling paham agama dan paling baik amalannya. Sabda Rasulullah Saw: “Sebaik-baik manusia adalah generasiku kemudian generasi setelahnya kemudian generasi setelahnya”.
Salaf atau kelompok Salafy adalah mereka berkomitmen di atas Al-Quran dan Sunnah Rasulullah Saw.
Istilah Salafy juga biasa dialamatkan kepada Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah dikarenakan berpegang teguh kepada Al-Quran dan As-Sunnah.
Jadi, Kelompok Salafy, pasca generasi awal kaum Muslim itu, tidaklah dibatasi atau ditujukan kepada jamaah organisasi tertentu, daerah tertentu, pemimpin tertentu, partai tertentu, dan sebagainya. Jadi, tidak eksklusif atau bukanlah kelompok eksklusif.
“Dan orang-orang yang terdahulu lagi pertama-tama (masuk Islam) dari kalangan Muhajirin dan Anshar, serta orang-orang yang mengikuti mereka dengan baik, Allah ridha kepada mereka dan mereka pun ridha kepada Allah, dan Allah menyediakan bagi mereka surga-surga yang mengalir di dalamnya sungai-sungai, mereka kekal abadi di dalamnya. Itulah kesuksesan yang agung.” (QS. At-Taubah: 100).
Dalam ayat tersebut Allah SWT tidak mengkhususkan ridha dan jaminan surga-Nya untuk para sahabat Muhajirin dan Anshar semata, tetapi juga bagi orang-orang yang mengikuti mereka dengan baik.
Demikian pengertian Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah dan Salafy yang sebenarnya. Intinya, mereka adalah kaum Muslim yang berpegang teguh pada Al-Quran dan Sunnah Rasulullah Saw dan menjauhi bid'ah atau ajaran lain di luar Islam. Wallahu a'lam bish-shawabi.*
HALAMAN SELANJUTNYA:
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