JAWAB: Takbir adalah kalimah thayibah "Allahu Akbar" (اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ ) yang artinya "Allah Mahabesar" atau "Allah Mahaagung".
"Malam Takbiran" adalah masalah khilafiyah. Ada beda pendapat di kalangan ulama antara boleh dan tidak boleh.
Malam takbiran merupakan "tradisi" kaum Muslim (khususnya umat Islam Indonesia) dengan niat untuk syi'ar Islam (dakwah).
Namun, An-Nawawi as-Syafi'i dalam Al Majmu 5/48 mengatakan: “Pendapat mayoritas ulama adalah tidak ada takbiran saat malam Ied, takbiran hanya dilakukan saat berangkat menuju tempat shalat Id”.
Contoh dari Nabi Saw, "takbiran" atau mengumandangkan gema takbir dilakukan dalam perjalanan menuju tempat shalat Id, bukan malam hari sebelum hari lebaran.
Ibn Abi Syaibah meriwayatkan bahwa Nabi Muhammad Saw keluar rumah menuju lapangan, kemudian beliau bertakbir hingga tiba di lapangan. Beliau tetap bertakbir sampai sahalat selesai. Setelah menyelesaikan shalat, beliau menghentikan takbir. (HR. Ibn Abi Syaibah dalam Al Mushannaf 5621).
Takbir Akhir Ramadhan: Perintah Allah SWT
Yang pasti, mengagungkan Asma Allah (takbir) usai Ramadhan diperintahkan dalam Al-Quran:
"Hendaklah kamu mencukupkan bilangannya (puasa) dan hendaklah kamu mengagungkan Allah (bertakbir) atas petunjuk-Nya yang diberikan kepadamu.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 185).
"Hendaklah kamu mencukupkan bilangannya (puasa) dan hendaklah kamu mengagungkan Allah (bertakbir) atas petunjuk-Nya yang diberikan kepadamu.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 185).
Ayat ini menjelaskan, ketika orang sudah selesai menjalankan ibadah puasa di bulan Ramadlan maka disyariatkan untuk mengagungkan Allah SWT dengan bertakbir.
Atas dasar ayat tersebut sebagian ulama membolehkan takbiran di masjid atau mushola yang kita kenal dengan nama "malam takbiran".
Dalam Fiqhul-Islam wa Adillatuh karya Prof. DR. Wahbah Zuhayli ditegaskan: "Jumhur ulama berpendapat: disunnahkan bahkan bertakbir dengan nyaring di mana pun, di rumah, di pasar, di jalan-jalan, di masjid ketika menjelang dilaksanakannya salat id." Wallahu a'lam bish-showabi. (Dari berbagai sumber, http://inilahrisalahislam.blogspot.com).*
Dalam tafsir Al-Jami` Li Ahkamil Quran karya Al-Qurthubi jilid 2 halaman 302 disebutkan bahwa ayat ini telah menjadi dasar masyru`iyah atas ibadah takbir di malam `Id, terutama `Idul Fithri.
HALAMAN SELANJUTNYA:
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